European Car Manufacturers and Brands
Brake Service: BMW 1-Series (2008-2013)

The BMW 1-Series might be the least expensive BMW, but it shares a lot of the procedures that are common when it comes to servicing brakes on larger BMWs. BMW can be one of the most confusing cars to order parts for because some parts specialists like to talk in chassis or platform numbers instead

Servicing Volkswagen Gas Engine Vacuum Pumps

Vacuum brake boosters will probably be with us for a long time. It is the most efficient and economical way to amplify the force exerted by the driver. But where the booster gets its vacuum is changing.  VW has been using vacuum pumps to power the brake booster on its diesel-powered vehicles for almost 40

Audi Q Drivetrain Diagnostics

As the Quattro system has evolved, so have the controls for the front, rear and center differential systems.

Mercedes-Benz Fuel Pumps

Mercedes-Benz has long been a pioneer of GDI.

BMW E65/E66 Suspension Diagnostics

For the BMW 7 Series E65/E66 manufactured between 2001-’08, engineers went with an innovative rear ride control system. The Dynamic Drive system that uses active anti-roll bars to keep the vehicle level was standard on these models. Some of these vehicles have optional Electronic Dampener Control (EDC) that tunes the compression and rebound of the

BMW Adaptations

Let’s look at five common adaptations for late-model BMWs, and what you should know before you start a repair.

VW 2.0 TSI Intake Manifold DTCs

Here’s what you need to know in order to repair the issue.

Mercedes 4MATIC Diagnostics

The Mercedes-Benz 4MATIC all-wheel drive (AWD) systems have been around for a while now.

Audi Quattro

The systems have evolved over the years, but the goal has remained the same: maximizing traction by sending power to all four wheels.

Condition-Based Oil Calculations: BMW, VW and Mercedes

Maintenance reminders for oil changes have been around since the early 1980s. Early systems looked at mileage and maybe revolutions of the engine. Mileage-based systems estimate the life of the oil based on a preset mileage recommendation that can range from 5,000 to 7,500 miles. It can be an effective reminder for some owners, but

Volkswagen Alignment: 2006-2011 Jetta & Golf (A5)

Most entry-level VW models featured the same basic suspension used from the advent of the original VW Rabbit. About the only change was going from a rear strut suspension to a separate coil spring and shock absorber in the rear. Used for all models of the Golf, Jetta, New Beetle and the Audi TT, this

TSB Watch – Volkswagen: Top 10 Fixes For Popular VW Models

Every year, Volkswagen issues hundreds of Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) covering everything from sunroof leaks to new oil specifications. TSBs are communication tools provided to help technicians address problems in the field and to expedite the repair process by arming them with brand-specific service information. Below are some of the 10 best Volkswagen TSBs that